Politica

Más críticas al impuesto de “Máximo”

31 agosto, 2020
48 5 minuto para leer

Empresarios y economistas aseguran que es confiscatorio.

Eduardo Costantini señaló que se trata de una quita de capital y definió la medida como una “persecución”. “Está plagado de estímulos a la judicialización”, dicen los tributaristas

Carlos Heller y Máximo KirchnerCarlos Heller y Máximo Kirchner

En los próximos días la comisión de Presupuesto y Hacienda de la Cámara de Diputados comenzará a discutir el proyecto de Ley de Aporte Extraordinario, conocido como impuesto a la riqueza y también como “impuesto Máximo”, por el ser Máximo Kirchner, jefe del bloque del Frente para Todos en Diputados e hijo de la vicepresidente Cristina Kirchner, uno de los ideólogos de una medida que empresarios y economistas definieron ante Infobae como “confiscatoria”.

La norma que establece un pago a los patrimonios mayores a 200 millones de pesos, y que tiene una presión mayor para aquellos que tengan los fondos en el exterior, es fuertemente criticada desde distintos sectores. Afectaría a unos 12.000 argentinos.

Uno de ellos es el desarrollador inmobiliario y hombre de las finanzas y la cultura, Eduardo Costantini. El dueño del Malba señaló a Infobae que la norma “es cuasi confiscatoria” y que de aplicarse “significa una quita de capital”.

“Estoy en desacuerdo con este impuesto. De aplicarse significa una suba sustancial de Bienes Personales, además de que está gravando los mismos activos. Esto hace que suba la totalidad del porcentaje dependiendo a los montos pero a un número muy elevado, casi confiscatorio, sobre todo teniendo en cuenta la estabilidad precios y las tasas internacionales. Dependiendo de los montos, podría llegar al 7% u 8% del patrimonio”.

Para Eduardo Costantini es "confiscatorio"Para Eduardo Costantini es «confiscatorio»

El creador de Nordelta se mostró molesto y señaló que “desfavorece las expectativas. Es una suba de impuestos a contrapelo de lo que hace el resto del mundo donde el Estado contribuye con las empresas transfiriendo recursos al sector privado debido a este coma inducido en el que está la economía”.

Dueño de una de las fortunas que sería alcanzada por el aporte, Costantini señaló que se podría haber pensado en una compensación. “En otra época sucedió algo similar y nos entregaron bonos. Está bien pedir un esfuerzo a la gente que más tenemos, pero compulsivo y a semejante tasa es confiscatorio. Y nuevamente castigando a los que tienen dólares en el exterior cuando sabemos que nuestro sistema empuja a tenerlo en una moneda estable”.

Para el empresario el problema es de base. “Nunca se graba a los Bienes Personales sino a la renta, y no solo aumentaron Bienes Personales que pasó de 0.25% a 1.25% y para los que tienen activos en el exterior con una multa que lo lleva a 2.25%. Es como una persecución”.

Estoy en desacuerdo con este impuesto. De aplicarse significa una suba sustancial de Bienes Personales, además de que está gravando los mismos activos (Costantini)

“Esto lo único que conseguirá es ahuyentar más a los inversores. Va a generar más pobreza, indigencia y desocupación. Va en contra de lo que necesitamos para generar puestos de trabajo, mejorar la productividad y el asalario real”, afirmó Roberto Cachanosky, economista y columnista de este medio.

“Dudo que sea algo de emergencia. Además, aportaría menos 6% de los ingresos tributario de 2019. No va a resolver nada desde el punto de vista fiscal y agrega mucho desde la inseguridad jurídica para invertir en la Argentina”, agregó.

Por su parte, el economista Agustín Etchebarne, director de la Fundación Libertad y Progreso, la decisión de avanzar con el proyecto de ley “nos deja un paso más cerca de Venezuela. La decisión más que recaudar lo que va a terminar haciendo es provocar una mayor fuga de capitales y de personas, una mayor informalidad de la economía”.

El proyecto cuenta con el apoyo del EjecutivoEl proyecto cuenta con el apoyo del Ejecutivo

Para el especialista el efecto será el contrario al buscado, ya que lo más probable es que no logren aumentar la recaudación porque se va a achicar la torta. Todas las personas que cuenten con el capital se van a ir, y que sólo haya 12.000 personas muestra eso, que ya se fueron una buena cantidad de ricos de la Argentina. Lo más probable es que no logren aumentar la recaudación.

Es un nuevo manotazo a la riqueza en un país con presión tributaria elevadísima, un impuesto moral (Bongiovanni)

Para el titular de la Fundación Libertad y Progreso, el Gobierno “está cazando en el zoológico” y el tributo “es un robo” y que tendrá un correlato en la justicia “porque te saca más que la ganancia, te saca capital.

“No hay nada más permanente que una medida transitoria del Gobierno. El impuesto al cheque es un clásico ejemplo de esto. Yo pondría un manto de duda en el adjetivo “extraordinario” del “Aporte Extraordinario Solidario” que impulsa el gobierno”, señaló Alejandro Bongiovanni, economista de la Fundación Libertad.

Asimismo, también puso en duda las asignaciones que establece el proyecto. “¿Alguien cree que la asignación de los recursos será la declarada? Por ejemplo, un 20% de los $300.000 millones que se espera recaudar iría para Becas Progresar, que en teoría son para ayudar a que grupos en condición de vulnerabilidad accedan a educación. Estos grupos son los que están perdiendo un año entero de clases gracias a esta cuarentena intensiva. La educación no parece importar demasiado al gobierno nacional, pero la usa como bandera recaudatoria. Otro 20% ayudaría, pretendidamente, a paliar el sufrimiento de las pymes que aún no murieron luego de un proceso consciente de destrucción de riqueza como nunca se había visto. Las pymes necesitan que las dejen respirar y florecer, no que las pisen y luego rieguen los restos con las sobras del presupuesto. Ni hablar del 15% que, en teoría, se dedicará a ’barrios populares’, habida cuenta de que sabemos cómo ese dinero se pierde capilarmente entre las distintas capas de clientelismo político”.

Esto lo único que conseguirá es ahuyentar más a los inversores. Va a generar más pobreza, indigencia y desocupación. Va en contra de lo que necesitamos para generar puestos de trabajo, mejorar la productividad y el asalario real (Cachanosky)

Para el economista esto es un “nuevo manotazo a la riqueza en un país con presión tributaria elevadísima” y es también “un impuesto moral”. “Los súper ricos de Argentina tienen la comida que falta en los comedores y los insumos que faltan en los hospitales. Muy en línea con la doctrina de Bergoglio en la que quienes tienen de más son culpables por los que tienen de menos. Si insistimos con esta línea de pensamiento, la torta será cada vez más chica, los super ricos de mañana serán los que tengan un departamento y un auto, y seguiremos distribuyendo pobreza en lugar de crear riqueza”, dijo.

Muchos economistas y empresarios señalan que la medida política será judiciable, El tributarista Iván Sasovsky aseguró que el impuesto a la riqueza desde el punto de vista técnico “está plagado de estímulos a la judicialización. Por un lado es mucho más gravoso que el Impuesto sobre los bienes personales, que ya se encontró en 2019 en su peso más alto, sino que se aplica sin tener en cuenta límites ya establecidos por la jurisprudencia de la Corte y que sin dudas, al tocar a un universo muy específico y con recursos para hacerlo, lo van a judicializar”.

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31 agosto, 2020
48 5 minuto para leer
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