China admitió que sus vacunas contra el coronavirus tienen baja efectividad
Lo reconoció el gobierno, sobre las dosis de Sinovac.
Incluso, está considerando combinarlas para mejorar su eficacia.
La efectividad de las vacunas chinas contra el coronavirus es baja y el gobierno está considerando combinarlas, según dijo el domingo la máxima autoridad de la agencia china de control de enfermedades, en una inusual admisión oficial de la debilidad de sus sueros, que se están utilizando en varios países.
Los fármacos chinos «no tienen tasas de protección muy altas», dijo el director de los Centros chinos de Control de Enfermedades, Gao Fu, en una conferencia el sábado en la ciudad sur occidental de Chengdu.
Beijing ha distribuido cientos de millones de dosis en otros países y tratado de fomentar las dudas en torno a la efectividad de las vacunas occidentales.
«Ahora se considera oficialmente si deberíamos utilizar diferentes vacunas de distintas líneas técnicas para el proceso de inmunización», dijo Gao.
Investigadores en Brasil han determinado que la tasa de efectividad de una vacuna de Sinovac, una compañía china, para evitar casos sintomáticos es de apenas un 50,4%. En comparación, la vacuna de Pfizer tiene una efectividad del 97%.
Beijing aún no ha aprobado ninguna vacuna extranjera para su uso en China, donde surgió el coronavirus a finales de 2019.
Gao no dio detalles de posibles cambios en la estrategia, pero mencionó el mRNA, una tecnología antes experimental utilizada por fabricantes occidentales de vacunas, mientras que las farmacéuticas chinas emplearon técnicas asentadas.
«Todo el mundo debe considerar los beneficios que pueden traer a la humanidad las vacunas de mRNA (ARN mensajero)», dijo. «Debemos seguirlo con cuidado y no ignorarlo sólo porque ya tengamos varios tipos de vacunas».
Gao había cuestionado en el pasado la seguridad de las vacunas de mRNA. La agencia oficial de noticias Xinhua citó en diciembre unas declaraciones suyas en las que dijo que no podía descartar efectos secundarios negativos porque era la primera vez que se empleaban las vacunas en personas sanas.
Medios estatales chinos y blogs populares de ciencia y salud han cuestionado también la seguridad y efectividad de la vacuna de Pfizer, que utiliza mRNA.
Para el 2 de abril, unos 34 millones de personas habían recibido las dos dosis requeridas de las vacunas chinas, mientras que unos 65 millones de personas se habían puesto ya una dosis, indicó Gao.
Los expertos señalan que mezclar vacunas, o la inmunización secuencial, puede impulsar las tasas de efectividad.
Varios ensayos en distintas partes del mundo estudian el efecto de mezclar las vacunas o administrar una dosis de recordatorio tras un largo periodo de tiempo. Investigadores en Gran Bretaña estudian una posible combinación de las vacunas de Pfizer y AstraZeneca.
Las vacunas fabricadas por dos farmacéuticas estatales chinas, Sinovac y Sinopharm, se han exportado a 22 países, como México, Turquía, Indonesia, Hungría, Brasil y Turquía, según el Ministerio de Exteriores del gigante asiático.
Expertos del sector de la salud ven improbable que las vacunas chinas se vendan a Estados Unidos, Europa occidental y Japón debido a la complejidad del proceso de aprobación legal.
Fuente: AP y EFE
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